While many parts of China have a strong digital infrastructure, there are significant disparities between urban and rural regions. To be sure, China has formidable capabilities in research and development, as exemplified by several ambitious projects related to genomics and diagnostics. Recent efforts to streamline regulatory, administrative, and management processes may further support China’s efforts in these, and other, areas. In addition, laying out a cohesive strategy for personalised health that emphasises equity could boost further development in this area. Notably, China also has a population that is exceedingly willing to adopt and actively use emerging technologies that support personalised healthcare, such as telemedicine services and patient portals. This is evidenced in particular by the high uptake of wearable technologies in China. The combination of more concerted, equitable policy initiatives and an engaged population may be key to driving personalised healthcare in China.